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Урок 2. Personal Pronouns я, ты, мы, вы and Possessive Pronouns мой, твой, наш, ваш |
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| Learn the following Personal and Possessive Pronouns: |
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Personal Pronouns |
Possessive Pronouns | ||
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я - I ты - you мы - we вы - you |
мой - my; mine твой - your; yours наш - our; ours ваш - your; yours |
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Use ты only when you are addressing a friend, a child, or a family member. Use вы when you are addressing an adult, a stranger, or any group of two or more people.
To express possession Possessive Pronouns are used. Possessive Pronouns мой, твой, наш, ваш and interrogative pronoun чей? (whose?) change their form in accordance with the gender of the head word (noun) which they accompany or replace.
Note how pronouns мой, твой, наш, ваш and чей? change their forms according to the gender of the head word: |
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gender |
м.р. - m. |
ж.р. - f. |
ср.р. - n. |
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example |
чей? - мой (твой, наш, ваш) дом |
чья? - моя (твоя, наша, ваша) комната |
чьё? - моё (твоё, наше, ваше) окно |
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compare the endings: |
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example |
он мой - Ø наш |
она (он-а) *моя (мо[й-а]) - а (-я) наша (наш-а) |
оно (он-о) моё (мо[й-о]) -о (-ё ) -е наше (наш-е) |
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Do you remember that we read letters е, ё, ю, я as the sound combinations [йэ], [йо], [йу] ,[йа] after a vowel? For more information about reading and spelling Russian see Introduction . Word Order in a Sentence Word order in Russian is not so strict as in English. The subject of a sentence may stand not only at the beginning but at the end of the sentence as well. |
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Subject Что? (What?) |
Place Где? (Where?) |
Place Где? (Where?) |
Subject Что? (What?) |
наша школа
наш парк |
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Мой дом справа. My house is on the right. |
Слева наша школа и парк. Our school and the park are on the left. |
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But in an answer to a question the word containing the answer is always placed at the end of the sentence. Study the following examples: |
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Что это? - Это мой учебник. (What is this? - This is my textbook.) Что там? - Там наша школа. (What is there? - There is our school.) Где парк? - Парк слева. (Where is the park? - The park is on the left.) Кто это? - Это моя сестра. (Who is this? - This is my sister.) Где твой брат? - Мой брат дома. (Where is your brother? - My brother is at home.) |
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Complete and short answers In spoken Russian short answers to questions are generally used. Study the question and the answers. |
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Question |
Это твоя книга? / Is that book yours? |
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Complete answer |
- Да, это моя книга. - Yes, that book is mine. |
- Нет, это не моя книга. - No, that book is not mine. |
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Short answer |
- Да / - Да, моя. - Yes / - Yes, that's mine.) |
- Нет. / - Нет, не моя. - No. / - No, that's not mine. |
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Reading Чтение Reading Чтение Reading Чтение Reading Чтение |
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Read the following text and dialogue. Translate into English. |
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Текст Это мой дом. Слева магазин "Одежда". Магазин "Продукты" - справа. Напротив - наша школа и наш парк. |
Listening practice |
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Диалог - Ира, это твой учебник? - Да, это мой учебник. - А это твоя тетрадь? - Нет, не моя |
Listening practice |
| Exercises Упражнения Exercises Упражнения Exercises Упражнения Exercises Упражнения |
| Practice using pronoun мой (моя, моё) | |
| Practice using pronoun твой (твоя, твоё) | |
| Practice using pronoun наш (наша, наше) | |
| Practice using pronoun ваш (ваша, ваше) | |
| Translate from Russian into English |