Урок 4.1 Nouns in the Plural   Имя существительное

 во множественном числе

To form the nominative plural of nouns ending in -а (-я) and most of nouns in  Ø (-ь) replace the nominative ending by -ы for hard variant (t) /  -и for soft variant (t'). For example:

стол - столы, словарь - словари, лампа - лампы, статья - статьи

To form the nominative plural of neuter nouns replace the nominative ending by -а (for hard variant) and -я  (for soft variant) in the plural: 

окно - окна, море - моря.

Some Russian nouns change the stress in the plural:  море - моря

Memorize the endings:

-ы (-и)

-а (-я)

Pay attention!

If the word stem of masculine, feminine or neuter noun terminates in к, г, х,  the plural ending is -и:

 учебник - учебники, книга - книги, яблоко - яблоки, стих - стихи

You should also remember that after consonants ж and ш only и is spelled (never ы) (see Introduction)

 But the spelling convention does not affect the pronunciation of the vowel after these consonants

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