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Grammar Lesson 32

The Instrumental Case of Adjectives, Possessive and Demonstrative Pronouns. Summary of endings




Russian grammar and vocabulary. Unit 7
Grammar Lesson 28
Verbs that take the Dative Case. The preposition по
Grammar Lesson 29
Expressing Availability and Necessity. Short-form adjectives занят vs. свободен; должен
Grammar Lesson 30
Verbal Aspect (introduction). Meaning of Aspect. Aspect and Tense. Future Tense: Imperfective and Perfective Future. Aspectual Pairs
Grammar Lesson 31
The Instrumental Case of Nouns. The Instrumental Case of Personal Pronouns. Uses and forms.
Grammar Lesson 32
The Instrumental Case of Adjectives, Possessive and Demonstrative Pronouns. Summary of endings
Quiz 16
Check what you have learned from Grammar Lessons 28-32 with this 15 minute quiz.
Test 7
Check what you have learned from Grammar Lessons 28-32.

 Грамматика                                     Instrumental Case of Noun Modifiers

 
1. The Instrumental Case of Adjectives
If a noun is used in the Instrumental case, the adjective that modifies that noun must also be in the Instrumental case. The Instrumental singular ending for adjectives that modify masculine and neuter nouns is -ым (-им) . 

Listen and repeat:

1. Вчера мы познакомились с новым русским студентом.

1. Yesterday we have met a new Russian student .

2. Я пишу синим карандашом.

2. I am writing with a blue pencil.

 

 

The Instrumental singular ending for adjectives that modify feminine nouns is -ой (-ей).
Listen and repeat:

 

3. Вчера мы познакомились с новой студенткой.

3. Yesterday we have met a new student. (female) 

4. Я пишу синей ручкой.

4. I am writing with a blue pen.

 

The Instrumental plural ending for adjectives that modify plural nouns is -ыми (-ими) . 

Listen and repeat:

5. Вчера мы познакомились с новыми русскими студентами.

5. Yesterday we have met new Russian students .

6. Студенты пишут тест синими ручками.

6. Students are writing a test with blue pens.

2. The Instrumental Case of Adjectives (Endings Summary)
The Instrumental case of adjectives  is formed from the Nominative case. Memorize the Instrumental Case endings for adjectives:

 Hard variant 

 Nominative -> Instrumental 

Soft variant 

Nominative -> Instrumental 

 Masculine and Neuter 

 новый -> новым  

синий -> синим  

  хороший -> хорошим

 новое -> новым 

синее -> синим 

 

хорошее -> хорошим

 Feminine 

 новая -> новой синяя -> синей

 

хорошая -> хорошей

 Plural 

 новые -> новыми синие -> синими
  хорошие -> хорошими

 Instrumental case adjectival endings:      -ым (-им); -ой (-ей); -ыми (-ими)

 

3. The Instrumental Case of Possessive and Demonstrative Pronouns
Memorize the Instrumental case of possessive pronouns (мой, твой, наш. ваш), demonstrative pronouns (этот, тот) and the question word чей:
 Nominative: Чей?  Instrumental: Чьим?
 Masculine and Neuter 
 этот, тот

 мой, твой

 наш, ваш

->

->

->

 этим, тем

 моим, твоим

 нашим, вашим

 Feminine 
 эта, та

 моя, твоя

 наша, ваша

->

->

->

 этой, той

 моей, твоей

 нашей, вашей

 Plural
 эти, те

 мои, твои

 наши, ваши

->

->

->

 этими, теми

 моими, твоими

 нашими, вашими

 
  Notes
  • The Instrumental case endings for possessive and demonstrative pronouns are the same as adjectives endings. The only exception is the Instrumental singular and plural of тот -> тем; те ->теми.
Listen and repeat. Pay attention to the Instrumental case endings.

1. Я познакомилась с твоей сестрой.

1. I have met your sister.

2. Я учусь в одной группе с твоим братом.

2. I study in the same class with your brother..

3. Я познакомилась с вашими родителями.

3. I have met your parents.

Exercises  Упражнения
Form the Instrumental case of adjectives
Form the Instrumental case of possessive pronouns

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